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Neurological Disorders Dataset – Brain & Nervous System Conditions
Neurological Disorders Dataset
The Neurological Disorders Dataset is a structured medical database containing a comprehensive list of conditions affecting the brain, spinal cord, and nervous system.
Neurological disorders include a wide range of conditions such as neurodegenerative diseases, movement disorders, and neurological injuries. These conditions are a major focus of medical research, neuroscience, and healthcare innovation.
This dataset provides organised information about neurological conditions, helping researchers, developers, and healthcare professionals analyse disease patterns, symptoms, and treatment approaches.
Each record includes detailed information such as disease descriptions, affected neurological systems, symptoms, severity levels, and typical management strategies.
The dataset has been cleaned and structured for easy integration into spreadsheets, databases, and analytical platforms.
It is ideal for neuroscience researchers, healthcare developers, educators, and data scientists who require structured neurological health data.
Dataset Contents
The dataset includes fields such as:
- Disease / Condition Name
- Description
- Affected Area (Brain, Spinal Cord, Peripheral Nervous System)
- Common Symptoms
- Severity Level
- Disease Category
- Risk Factors
- Treatment / Management
Example Conditions Included
- Alzheimer’s Disease
- Parkinson’s Disease
- Epilepsy
- Multiple Sclerosis
- Stroke
- Migraine
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
- Huntington’s Disease
- Peripheral Neuropathy
- Brain Tumors
...and many more neurological conditions.
Data Preview
12 columns
25 rows shown
| No. | Disorder Name | Category | Primary Cause / Etiology | Prevalence | Age of Onset | Key Symptoms | Affected Brain Region / Structure | Diagnostic Method | Treatment Approach | Prognosis | ICD-10 Code | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ▸ Neurodegenerative | |||||||||||
| 2 | 1 | Alzheimer Disease | Neurodegenerative | Amyloid-beta/tau protein accumulation | 1 in 10 (age >65) | Elderly (>65) | Progressive memory loss, cognitive decline, disorientation, language difficulties, behavioral changes | Cerebral cortex, hippocampus | Clinical assessment, PET amyloid imaging, CSF biomarkers, MRI (atrophy) | Cholinesterase inhibitors, memantine, lecanemab, donanemab | Progressive, fatal within 3–10 years of diagnosis | G30.9 |
| 3 | 2 | Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) | Neurodegenerative | Motor neuron degeneration; SOD1/C9orf72 mutations (10% familial) | 2–3 per 100,000 | Adulthood (40–70) | Progressive muscle weakness, fasciculations, dysarthria, dysphagia, respiratory failure | Upper and lower motor neurons, brainstem, spinal cord | EMG/NCS (El Escorial criteria), MRI (exclude), genetic testing | Riluzole, edaravone, tofersen (SOD1), respiratory support | Fatal, median survival 3–5 years from onset | G12.21 |
| 4 | 3 | Corticobasal Degeneration | Neurodegenerative | Tau protein accumulation (4-repeat tauopathy) | 0.6–0.9 per 100,000 | Adulthood (60–70) | Asymmetric limb rigidity/apraxia, alien limb phenomenon, cortical sensory loss, myoclonus | Frontoparietal cortex, basal ganglia | Clinical criteria, MRI (asymmetric cortical atrophy), FDG-PET | Levodopa, clonazepam (myoclonus), botulinum toxin (dystonia) | Progressive, median survival 6–8 years | G31.85 |
| 5 | 4 | Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (Sporadic) | Neurodegenerative | Prion protein misfolding (PrPSc); sporadic, genetic, or acquired | 1–2 per 1,000,000 per year | Elderly (55–75) | Rapidly progressive dementia, myoclonus, visual disturbances, ataxia, akinetic mutism | Cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, thalamus | MRI (cortical ribboning, DWI), EEG (periodic sharp waves), CSF RT-QuIC, 14-3-3 protein | No treatment; supportive/palliative care | Fatal, median survival 5 months | A81.00 |
| 6 | 5 | Dementia with Parkinson Disease | Neurodegenerative | Alpha-synuclein accumulation; Parkinson disease with later cognitive decline | Up to 80% of PD patients long-term | Elderly (>65, after years of PD) | Cognitive decline after established PD (>1 year), executive dysfunction, visual hallucinations | Cerebral cortex, limbic structures, basal ganglia | Clinical criteria (dementia onset >1 year after motor PD), DaTscan, MRI | Rivastigmine, levodopa, behavioral management | Progressive; reduced lifespan compared to PD alone | F02.80 |
| 7 | 6 | Friedreich Ataxia | Neurodegenerative | Genetic (FXN GAA repeat expansion), autosomal recessive; frataxin deficiency | 1 in 50,000 | Childhood (5–15) | Progressive ataxia, dysarthria, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, scoliosis, diabetes | Spinal cord (dorsal columns, spinocerebellar tracts), cerebellum | Genetic testing (GAA repeat >66), echocardiogram, NCS | Omaveloxolone (Skyclarys), physical therapy, cardiac management | Reduced lifespan; median ~35–40 years, extending with modern care; cardiac complications are leading cause of death | G11.1 |
| 8 | 7 | Frontotemporal Dementia | Neurodegenerative | Tau/TDP-43 protein accumulation; MAPT, GRN, C9orf72 mutations | 15–22 per 100,000 | Adulthood (45–65) | Personality/behavioral changes, language deterioration, executive dysfunction, apathy | Frontal and temporal lobes | MRI (frontal/temporal atrophy), FDG-PET, genetic testing, CSF biomarkers | Symptomatic (SSRIs for behavior), speech therapy | Progressive, mean survival 6–8 years | G31.09 |
| 9 | 8 | Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia | Neurodegenerative | Genetic (SPG4/spastin most common); corticospinal tract degeneration | 2–10 per 100,000 | Variable (childhood to adulthood) | Progressive lower limb spasticity, weakness, gait difficulty, urinary urgency | Corticospinal tracts (thoracic spinal cord), cerebellum (complex forms) | Genetic testing (SPG panel), MRI spine, clinical exam | Baclofen, botulinum toxin, physical therapy, intrathecal baclofen pump | Variable; pure forms have normal lifespan; complex forms may be more severe | G11.4 |
| 10 | 9 | Huntington Disease | Neurodegenerative | Genetic (HTT gene CAG repeat expansion), autosomal dominant | 1 in 10,000–20,000 | Adulthood (30–50) | Chorea, cognitive decline, psychiatric disturbances, motor dysfunction | Caudate nucleus, putamen, cerebral cortex | Genetic testing (CAG repeat >36), MRI (caudate atrophy) | Tetrabenazine (chorea), antidepressants, supportive care | Fatal, 15–20 years after onset | G10 |
| 11 | 10 | Lewy Body Dementia | Neurodegenerative | Alpha-synuclein (Lewy body) accumulation in cortex | 1.4 per 1,000 | Elderly (>65) | Fluctuating cognition, visual hallucinations, parkinsonism, REM sleep behavior disorder | Cerebral cortex, brainstem, limbic system | Clinical criteria (McKeith), DaTscan, polysomnography, MRI | Cholinesterase inhibitors, levodopa (cautious), melatonin for RBD | Progressive, mean survival 5–8 years | G31.83 |
| 12 | 11 | Motor Neuron Disease (Progressive Muscular Atrophy) | Neurodegenerative | Lower motor neuron degeneration; may evolve into ALS | Rare (subset of MND) | Adulthood (40–60) | Progressive muscle wasting, weakness, fasciculations (without UMN signs initially) | Lower motor neurons, anterior horn cells | EMG/NCS, MRI (exclude structural), clinical monitoring for UMN signs | Supportive care, physical therapy, monitoring for ALS conversion | Variable; slower than ALS; some remain LMN-only for years | G12.29 |
| 13 | 12 | Multiple System Atrophy (MSA-P) | Neurodegenerative | Alpha-synuclein accumulation in oligodendrocytes (glial cytoplasmic inclusions) | 4–5 per 100,000 | Adulthood (50–60) | Parkinsonism (poor levodopa response), autonomic failure, cerebellar ataxia, stridor | Basal ganglia, cerebellum, brainstem, spinal cord | Clinical criteria, MRI (hot cross bun sign, putaminal rim), autonomic testing | Symptomatic (fludrocortisone for OH, CPAP for stridor) | Progressive, median survival 6–10 years | G23.2 |
| 14 | 13 | Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis (Batten Disease) | Neurodegenerative | Genetic (CLN1–CLN14 mutations); lysosomal storage disorder | 1 in 100,000 | Childhood (2–10) | Progressive vision loss, seizures, cognitive/motor decline, behavioral changes | Cerebral cortex, cerebellum, retina | Enzyme assays, genetic testing, electron microscopy (curvilinear profiles) | Cerliponase alfa (CLN2), seizure management, supportive care | Fatal; most forms lead to death in childhood–young adulthood | E75.4 |
| 15 | 14 | Parkinson Disease | Neurodegenerative | Dopaminergic neurodegeneration in substantia nigra; alpha-synuclein | 1 in 500 (age >60) | Adulthood (55–65) | Resting tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity, postural instability, non-motor symptoms | Basal ganglia, substantia nigra | Clinical diagnosis (UPDRS), DaTscan, MRI (exclude other) | Levodopa/carbidopa, dopamine agonists, MAO-B inhibitors, DBS | Progressive; normal to slightly reduced lifespan | G20 |
| 16 | 15 | Posterior Cortical Atrophy | Neurodegenerative | Alzheimer pathology (amyloid/tau) affecting visual cortex | ~5% of Alzheimer cases | Adulthood (50–65) | Progressive visual dysfunction, simultanagnosia, optic ataxia, alexia, spatial disorientation | Occipital and parietal cortex | MRI (posterior cortical atrophy), FDG-PET, amyloid PET, neuropsychological testing | Cholinesterase inhibitors, visual aids, occupational therapy | Progressive, similar to Alzheimer disease | G31.1 |
| 17 | 16 | Primary Lateral Sclerosis | Neurodegenerative | Upper motor neuron degeneration (idiopathic) | Rare (0.5 per 100,000) | Adulthood (40–60) | Progressive spasticity, weakness, pseudobulbar affect, gait difficulty | Upper motor neurons (cortex, corticospinal tracts) | Clinical (UMN signs only for >4 years), MRI, EMG (to exclude ALS) | Baclofen (spasticity), physical therapy | Slowly progressive; better prognosis than ALS; median survival >20 years | G12.23 |
| 18 | 17 | Progressive Supranuclear Palsy | Neurodegenerative | Tau protein accumulation (4-repeat tauopathy) | 5–7 per 100,000 | Adulthood (60–70) | Vertical gaze palsy, postural instability with falls, axial rigidity, pseudobulbar affect | Brainstem, basal ganglia, frontal cortex | Clinical criteria, MRI (midbrain atrophy, hummingbird sign), PET | Levodopa (poor response), physiotherapy, fall prevention | Progressive, median survival 6–9 years | G23.1 |
| 19 | 18 | Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type 1 (Werdnig-Hoffmann) | Neurodegenerative | Genetic (SMN1 deletion), autosomal recessive | 1 in 6,000–10,000 | Infancy (0–6 months) | Severe hypotonia, absent reflexes, respiratory failure, feeding difficulties | Anterior horn cells, spinal cord | Genetic testing (SMN1 deletion), EMG, newborn screening | Nusinersen, onasemnogene abeparvovec (Zolgensma), risdiplam | Fatal without treatment; greatly improved with gene therapy | G12.0 |
| 20 | 19 | Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3 (Machado-Joseph) | Neurodegenerative | Genetic (ATXN3 CAG repeat expansion), autosomal dominant | 1–2 per 100,000 | Adulthood (20–50) | Cerebellar ataxia, spasticity, ophthalmoplegia, bulging eyes | Cerebellum, brainstem, spinal cord | Genetic testing (CAG repeat >55), MRI (cerebellar/brainstem atrophy) | Physical therapy, symptomatic treatment | Progressive, death ~20 years after onset | G11.2 |
| 21 | 20 | Vascular Dementia | Neurodegenerative | Cerebrovascular disease (multiple infarcts, small vessel disease) | 1–4% of elderly | Elderly (>65) | Stepwise cognitive decline, executive dysfunction, gait disturbance, emotional lability | White matter, basal ganglia, thalamus (multi-infarct pattern) | MRI (white matter hyperintensities, lacunar infarcts), neuropsychological testing, vascular risk assessment | Vascular risk factor management (antihypertensives, statins), cholinesterase inhibitors | Progressive; depends on stroke prevention | F01.50 |
| 22 | ▸ Demyelinating | |||||||||||
| 23 | 21 | Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM) | Demyelinating | Post-infectious/post-vaccination autoimmune demyelination | 0.4–0.8 per 100,000 per year | Childhood (5–8) | Acute encephalopathy, multifocal neurological deficits, fever, headache, seizures | White matter (diffuse, bilateral, asymmetric), brainstem, spinal cord | MRI (large multifocal white matter lesions), CSF (pleocytosis), clinical course (monophasic) | High-dose IV corticosteroids, IVIG, plasmapheresis | Good; 60–80% full recovery; 10–20% have residual deficits | G36.9 |
| 24 | 22 | Anti-MAG Neuropathy | Demyelinating | Anti-myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) IgM antibody | Rare (subset of IgM paraproteinemic neuropathy) | Elderly (>60) | Slowly progressive distal sensory ataxia, tremor, mild weakness, areflexia | Peripheral nerves (distal myelin sheath) | Anti-MAG antibody, NCS (distal predominant demyelination), serum protein electrophoresis | Rituximab, IVIG (variable response), ibrutinib | Slowly progressive; moderate disability over years | G61.81 |
| 25 | 23 | Balo Concentric Sclerosis | Demyelinating | Variant of MS with alternating rings of demyelination and preserved myelin | Very rare | Adulthood (20–50) | Acute/subacute neurological deficits (hemiparesis, cognitive decline, aphasia, seizures) | White matter (concentric ring pattern) | MRI (concentric alternating rings on T2/DWI), CSF, biopsy (rarely needed) | High-dose IV corticosteroids, plasmapheresis, DMTs | Variable; some fulminant, some self-limiting; better prognosis than previously thought | G37.5 |
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