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Dental Diseases & Oral Conditions Dataset – Comprehensive Oral Health Database
Dental Diseases & Oral Conditions Dataset
The Dental Diseases & Oral Conditions Dataset is a structured medical dataset containing a comprehensive list of oral health disorders affecting the teeth, gums, jaw, and surrounding tissues.
Oral diseases are among the most common health conditions worldwide, impacting billions of people. This dataset provides organised information about dental conditions to support research, healthcare applications, and educational tools.
Each record includes key clinical information such as the condition description, affected oral structures, common symptoms, and severity level.
The dataset has been cleaned and structured for easy integration into spreadsheets, databases, and analytics platforms.
It is suitable for dentists, researchers, healthcare developers, educators, and data scientists who require structured oral health data.
Dataset Contents
Each record contains the following fields:
- Condition Name
- Description
- Affected Area (Teeth, Gums, Jaw, Oral Tissue)
- Common Symptoms
- Severity Level
- Disease Category
- Typical Age Group
- Treatment Type
Example Conditions Included
- Dental Caries (Tooth Decay)
- Gingivitis
- Periodontitis
- Tooth Abscess
- Enamel Erosion
- Impacted Wisdom Teeth
- Oral Thrush
- Temporomandibular Joint Disorder (TMJ)
- Dry Mouth (Xerostomia)
- Oral Cancer
...and many more oral health conditions.
Data Preview
15 columns
25 rows shown
| No. | Disease / Condition | Category | Description | Common Symptoms | Primary Causes / Etiology | Risk Factors | Affected Structures | Age Group Most Affected | Prevalence | Diagnosis Methods | Treatment Options | Prevention | Complications if Untreated | Prognosis | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 | Dental Caries (Tooth Decay) | Tooth Decay & Caries | Destruction of tooth enamel, dentin, and cementum by bacterial acids | Toothache; sensitivity to hot/cold/sweet; visible holes or pits; brown/black staining | Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus bacteria; acid demineralisation of enamel | High sugar diet; poor oral hygiene; dry mouth; lack of fluoride; frequent snacking | Enamel, dentin, cementum | All ages (most common in children and elderly) | Most prevalent chronic disease worldwide; affects ~2.3 billion people | Visual examination; dental probe; bitewing radiographs; DIAGNOdent laser | Fluoride treatment; dental fillings (amalgam, composite); crowns; root canal; extraction | Regular brushing with fluoride toothpaste; flossing; dental sealants; reduced sugar intake; regular check-ups | Pulpitis; periapical abscess; tooth loss; systemic infection | Excellent with early treatment |
| 2 | 2 | Early Childhood Caries (Baby Bottle Tooth Decay) | Tooth Decay & Caries | Severe decay in primary teeth of infants and toddlers, often from prolonged bottle feeding | White spot lesions on upper front teeth; brown/black discolouration; pain; difficulty eating | Prolonged exposure to sugary liquids (milk, juice, formula); bacterial transmission from caregiver | Night-time bottle feeding; sippy cup use; lack of fluoride; caregiver with active caries | Primary teeth, especially upper incisors | Infants and children under 6 | Affects up to 28% of children aged 2-5 in developed countries | Visual examination; radiographs | Fluoride varnish; silver diamine fluoride; restorations; extraction under general anaesthesia if severe | Avoid putting child to bed with bottle; clean gums after feeding; first dental visit by age 1 | Pain; infection; speech problems; malocclusion of permanent teeth | Good if treated early; may affect permanent tooth development |
| 3 | 3 | Root Caries | Tooth Decay & Caries | Decay on the root surface of teeth, typically where gingival recession has exposed the cementum | Sensitivity at gum line; dark discolouration on root; soft texture when probed | Bacterial plaque on exposed root surfaces; reduced saliva | Gingival recession; age; dry mouth (xerostomia); medications; radiation therapy | Cementum and root dentin | Elderly (over 60) | Affects 30-60% of older adults with gingival recession | Visual and tactile examination; radiographs | Glass ionomer restorations; fluoride varnish; silver diamine fluoride; root canal if deep | Fluoride rinses; saliva substitutes; meticulous oral hygiene of root surfaces | Tooth fracture; pulp involvement; tooth loss | Fair; high recurrence rate in elderly |
| 4 | 4 | Rampant Caries | Tooth Decay & Caries | Sudden, widespread, rapidly progressing decay affecting multiple teeth simultaneously | Multiple cavities appearing quickly; pain in several teeth; rapid breakdown of tooth structure | Severe xerostomia; methamphetamine use (meth mouth); radiation therapy; Sjögren's syndrome | Drug use; head/neck radiation; eating disorders; severe dry mouth | Multiple teeth, including surfaces normally resistant to decay | Any age (varies by cause) | Common in head/neck cancer patients (radiation caries) and methamphetamine users | Clinical examination; full-mouth radiographs; saliva flow testing | Aggressive fluoride therapy; custom fluoride trays; restorations; extractions; treat underlying cause | Address underlying cause; prescription fluoride; frequent dental visits; saliva stimulants | Rapid tooth loss; chronic infection; nutritional deficiency | Poor without addressing underlying cause |
| 5 | 5 | Secondary (Recurrent) Caries | Tooth Decay & Caries | New decay forming at the margins of existing dental restorations | Discolouration around filling edges; sensitivity; gap between filling and tooth | Bacterial microleakage at restoration margins; plaque accumulation around restorations | Poor restoration margins; poor oral hygiene; ageing restorations; high caries risk | Tooth-restoration interface | Adults and elderly | Accounts for 50-60% of all replacement restorations | Visual examination; explorer; radiographs; transillumination | Removal of old restoration and recurrent decay; new restoration; crown if extensive | Proper restoration technique; good oral hygiene; regular monitoring | Pulp involvement; tooth fracture; tooth loss | Good with timely replacement of restoration |
| 6 | 6 | Gingivitis | Periodontal (Gum) Diseases | Inflammation of the gingiva (gums) without loss of attachment or bone | Red, swollen gums; bleeding on brushing/flossing; bad breath; tender gums | Bacterial plaque accumulation at the gingival margin | Poor oral hygiene; smoking; diabetes; hormonal changes; medications; crowded teeth | Gingiva (gums) | All ages; very common in adolescents and adults | Affects up to 90% of the population at some point | Clinical examination; probing depths (≤3mm); bleeding on probing index | Professional dental cleaning (scaling); improved oral hygiene; antiseptic mouthwash (chlorhexidine) | Regular brushing and flossing; professional cleanings every 6 months; avoid tobacco | Progression to periodontitis; halitosis | Excellent; fully reversible with treatment |
| 7 | 7 | Chronic Periodontitis | Periodontal (Gum) Diseases | Slowly progressive inflammatory destruction of the periodontium including bone loss | Bleeding gums; gum recession; deep pockets; loose teeth; bad breath; pus between teeth and gums | Bacterial biofilm (P. gingivalis, T. denticola, T. forsythia); host immune response | Smoking; diabetes; genetic susceptibility; stress; poor oral hygiene; age | Gingiva, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, cementum | Adults over 30 | Severe periodontitis affects ~11% of the global population (6th most prevalent disease) | Periodontal probing; radiographs (bone level); clinical attachment loss measurement | Scaling and root planing; systemic/local antibiotics; flap surgery; bone grafts; guided tissue regeneration | Meticulous oral hygiene; smoking cessation; regular periodontal maintenance; diabetes control | Tooth loss; alveolar bone destruction; increased cardiovascular risk; adverse pregnancy outcomes | Manageable but not curable; requires lifelong maintenance |
| 8 | 8 | Aggressive Periodontitis | Periodontal (Gum) Diseases | Rapid periodontal destruction in otherwise systemically healthy individuals, often with familial aggregation | Rapid bone loss; deep pockets; loose teeth; may have minimal plaque; often affects first molars and incisors | Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans; impaired neutrophil function; genetic factors | Family history; specific HLA types; impaired host defence; ethnicity | Periodontal ligament, alveolar bone | Adolescents and young adults (under 35) | Relatively rare; 1-5% of population depending on ethnicity | Clinical and radiographic examination; microbiological testing; genetic susceptibility testing | Aggressive scaling/root planing; systemic antibiotics (amoxicillin + metronidazole); surgical intervention | Early detection; genetic counselling; prophylactic antibiotics in family members | Early tooth loss; functional and aesthetic impairment | Guarded; depends on early intervention and compliance |
| 9 | 9 | Necrotising Ulcerative Gingivitis (NUG / Trench Mouth) | Periodontal (Gum) Diseases | Acute, painful infection characterised by necrosis of interdental papillae | Severe gum pain; bleeding; punched-out ulcerated papillae; greyish pseudomembrane; foul metallic taste; fever | Fusobacterium and spirochete overgrowth; impaired immune response | Stress; smoking; immunosuppression (HIV); malnutrition; poor oral hygiene; sleep deprivation | Interdental papillae and marginal gingiva | Young adults (18-30); immunocompromised | Rare in developed countries; more common in developing nations and HIV patients | Clinical appearance; patient history; smear for spirochetes | Debridement; metronidazole; chlorhexidine rinse; pain management; nutritional support | Stress management; adequate nutrition; good oral hygiene; smoking cessation | Necrotising ulcerative periodontitis; noma (cancrum oris) in severe cases | Good with treatment; may recur |
| 10 | 10 | Pericoronitis | Periodontal (Gum) Diseases | Inflammation and infection of the soft tissue surrounding a partially erupted tooth, usually wisdom teeth | Pain and swelling around back of jaw; difficulty opening mouth (trismus); bad taste; swollen lymph nodes | Bacterial infection under the operculum (gum flap) covering a partially erupted tooth | Partial eruption of wisdom teeth; poor oral hygiene; food impaction under operculum | Gingival tissue (operculum) around partially erupted third molars | Young adults (17-25) | Very common; affects most people with partially erupted wisdom teeth | Clinical examination; panoramic radiograph | Irrigation; antibiotics if systemic symptoms; operculectomy; extraction of wisdom tooth | Good oral hygiene; prophylactic wisdom tooth extraction when indicated | Pericoronal abscess; Ludwig's angina; airway compromise | Excellent after tooth extraction |
| 11 | 11 | Gingival Hyperplasia (Gingival Overgrowth) | Periodontal (Gum) Diseases | Abnormal enlargement of the gingival tissue | Enlarged, firm, or spongy gums; gums partially or fully covering teeth; difficulty cleaning | Drug-induced (phenytoin, cyclosporine, calcium channel blockers); inflammatory; hereditary | Anticonvulsant medication; immunosuppressants; poor plaque control; mouth breathing; heredity | Gingiva, especially interdental papillae | Varies (drug-related: any age; hereditary: childhood) | Phenytoin causes overgrowth in ~50% of users; cyclosporine in ~25-30% | Clinical examination; medication history; biopsy if needed | Improved oral hygiene; medication change; gingivectomy; laser therapy | Plaque control; discuss drug alternatives with physician | Periodontal pockets; secondary infection; malocclusion; aesthetic concerns | Good with medication change and surgery; may recur |
| 12 | 12 | Desquamative Gingivitis | Periodontal (Gum) Diseases | Chronic condition where the gingival epithelium sloughs off, leaving raw, painful areas | Bright red, glazed gums; painful erosions; gums peel easily; burning sensation | Often manifestation of lichen planus, pemphigoid, or pemphigus vulgaris | Autoimmune conditions; hormonal changes (menopause); allergic reactions | Attached gingiva | Middle-aged and older women predominantly | Relatively uncommon; more frequent in postmenopausal women | Biopsy; direct immunofluorescence; clinical examination | Topical corticosteroids; tacrolimus; treat underlying condition; gentle oral hygiene | Control of underlying autoimmune condition; gentle oral care | Chronic discomfort; secondary infection; difficulty eating | Chronic; manageable but often recurrent |
| 13 | 13 | Reversible Pulpitis | Pulp & Periapical Diseases | Mild inflammation of the dental pulp that resolves once the irritant is removed | Sharp, brief pain on cold/sweet stimuli; pain subsides when stimulus removed; no spontaneous pain | Caries approaching pulp; recent dental procedures; cracked tooth; exposed dentin | Untreated caries; dental trauma; leaky restorations | Dental pulp | All ages | Very common; most people experience this at some point | Pulp vitality testing (cold test, electric pulp test); radiographs; symptom history | Remove irritant (caries removal, restoration); desensitising agents; sedative dressing | Early caries treatment; proper restoration technique; avoid thermal trauma during procedures | Progression to irreversible pulpitis | Excellent; pulp recovers fully |
| 14 | 14 | Irreversible Pulpitis | Pulp & Periapical Diseases | Severe inflammation of the dental pulp that cannot heal; pulp necrosis is inevitable | Spontaneous, lingering, throbbing pain; pain worsens with heat; may disturb sleep; pain poorly localised | Deep caries reaching pulp; extensive dental procedures; trauma; cracked tooth | Untreated reversible pulpitis; deep decay; repeated dental procedures on same tooth | Dental pulp | All ages | Common; follows untreated caries or dental trauma | Pulp vitality testing; thermal testing (prolonged response); radiographs; symptom history | Root canal therapy (pulpectomy); extraction if tooth not restorable | Early treatment of caries and reversible pulpitis; protective pulp capping | Pulp necrosis; periapical abscess; cellulitis; osteomyelitis | Good with root canal treatment |
| 15 | 15 | Pulp Necrosis | Pulp & Periapical Diseases | Death of the dental pulp tissue | May be asymptomatic; discolouration of tooth (grey/dark); no response to vitality tests; periapical radiolucency | Untreated irreversible pulpitis; trauma; disruption of blood supply | Dental trauma (especially in young patients); advanced caries; iatrogenic causes | Dental pulp | All ages | Common sequel to untreated pulpitis or trauma | Pulp vitality testing (no response); radiographs; thermal and electric testing | Root canal therapy; extraction; apexification in immature teeth | Prompt treatment of pulpitis and trauma | Periapical abscess; periapical granuloma; radicular cyst; fistula | Good with root canal therapy |
| 16 | 16 | Periapical Abscess (Acute) | Pulp & Periapical Diseases | Localised collection of pus at the root apex resulting from pulp necrosis and bacterial infection | Severe, continuous, throbbing pain; tooth elevated in socket; tender to touch; facial swelling; fever; malaise | Bacterial infection spreading from necrotic pulp through the apical foramen | Untreated caries; pulp necrosis; failed root canal; trauma | Periapical tissues, alveolar bone | All ages | Very common dental emergency | Percussion tenderness; radiographs (periapical radiolucency); vitality testing; palpation | Incision and drainage; root canal therapy; antibiotics if systemic involvement; extraction if non-restorable | Early treatment of caries; prompt root canal for necrotic teeth | Cellulitis; Ludwig's angina; osteomyelitis; cavernous sinus thrombosis; septicaemia; mediastinitis | Good with drainage and root canal; potentially life-threatening if untreated |
| 17 | 17 | Periapical Granuloma | Pulp & Periapical Diseases | Chronic periapical inflammatory lesion consisting of granulation tissue at the root apex | Usually asymptomatic; found incidentally on radiograph; may have mild tenderness | Chronic low-grade infection from necrotic pulp | Untreated pulp necrosis; inadequate root canal treatment | Periapical bone and soft tissue | Adults | Most common periapical pathology (~75% of periapical lesions) | Radiograph (well-defined radiolucency at apex); vitality testing; biopsy for definitive diagnosis | Root canal therapy; apicoectomy; extraction | Treat pulp disease early; quality root canal treatment | Periapical cyst formation; persistent infection | Good with proper endodontic treatment |
| 18 | 18 | Radicular (Periapical) Cyst | Pulp & Periapical Diseases | True epithelial-lined cyst arising from a periapical granuloma, most common odontogenic cyst | Usually asymptomatic; slow-growing swelling; tooth discolouration; may displace adjacent teeth if large | Proliferation of epithelial cell rests of Malassez stimulated by periapical inflammation | Chronic periapical granuloma; untreated necrotic pulp | Periapical bone | Adults (30-50 years) | Most common odontogenic cyst (50-70% of all jaw cysts) | Radiograph (well-defined round radiolucency >1cm); aspiration (straw-coloured fluid with cholesterol crystals); histopathology | Root canal therapy (small cysts); enucleation/curettage; apicoectomy; extraction with curettage | Treat periapical disease early | Bone destruction; jaw expansion; pathological fracture (rare); ameloblastoma transformation (very rare) | Good with surgical removal; low recurrence rate |
| 19 | 19 | Internal Root Resorption | Pulp & Periapical Diseases | Pathological destruction of dentin and cementum from within the root canal by clastic cells | Usually asymptomatic; pink spot on crown (perforation); found on routine radiograph; progressive | Chronic pulpal inflammation stimulating odontoclast activity | Trauma; chronic pulpitis; orthodontic treatment; idiopathic | Internal root dentin | Any age; more common in adults | Relatively uncommon | Radiograph (smooth, uniform radiolucency within root canal); CBCT for extent assessment | Root canal therapy (stop resorption); MTA repair if perforated; extraction if extensive | Prompt treatment of traumatised or inflamed teeth | Root perforation; root weakening; tooth loss | Fair to good if detected early; poor if extensive perforation |
| 20 | 20 | External Root Resorption | Pulp & Periapical Diseases | Pathological loss of root structure from the external surface by clastic cell activity | Usually asymptomatic; increased mobility; found on radiograph; shortened roots | Excessive orthodontic force; reimplanted teeth; periapical infection; tumours; idiopathic | Orthodontic treatment; dental trauma; impacted teeth; bleaching; cysts | External root surface (cementum and dentin) | Any age | Common in orthodontic patients (mild forms in up to 90%); severe in <5% | Periapical radiographs; CBCT; periodic monitoring during orthodontics | Remove cause; calcium hydroxide dressing; MTA; observation; extraction if severe | Appropriate orthodontic forces; monitor reimplanted teeth; treat periapical infections | Severe root shortening; tooth loss; ankylosis | Variable; depends on cause and severity |
| 21 | 21 | Enamel Hypoplasia | Tooth Structural Disorders | Defective formation of enamel resulting in reduced quantity (thin or absent enamel) | Pitting, grooves, or thin enamel; yellow/brown discolouration; rough tooth surfaces; sensitivity | Systemic illness during enamel formation; nutritional deficiency; trauma to developing tooth; genetic | Fever during tooth development; fluoride excess; premature birth; vitamin D deficiency; coeliac disease | Enamel of affected teeth | Children (presents after tooth eruption) | Affects 40-60% of children in some populations | Clinical examination; dental history; correlation with medical history timing | Fluoride application; desensitising agents; composite bonding; veneers; crowns | Adequate nutrition during pregnancy and childhood; avoid excessive fluoride | Increased caries susceptibility; aesthetic concerns; sensitivity | Good with restorative treatment |
| 22 | 22 | Amelogenesis Imperfecta | Tooth Structural Disorders | Hereditary condition affecting enamel formation, resulting in abnormal enamel in all teeth | Discoloured teeth (yellow-brown); thin/absent enamel; rough surface; chipping; sensitivity; open bite | Genetic mutations affecting enamel matrix proteins (AMELX, ENAM, MMP20, KLK4) | Autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, or X-linked inheritance | Enamel of all teeth (primary and permanent) | Presents in childhood | 1 in 700 to 1 in 14,000 depending on population | Clinical examination; family history; genetic testing; radiographs (enamel contrast) | Full-coverage crowns; veneers; composite bonding; overdentures; implants in severe cases | Genetic counselling; meticulous oral hygiene; regular dental care | Rapid wear; multiple caries; tooth loss; psychosocial impact | Lifelong condition; good function with prosthetic rehabilitation |
| 23 | 23 | Dentinogenesis Imperfecta | Tooth Structural Disorders | Hereditary disorder of dentin formation causing weak, discoloured teeth | Translucent blue-grey or amber teeth; bulbous crowns; short roots; rapid wear; obliterated pulp chambers | Mutation in DSPP gene; may be associated with osteogenesis imperfecta | Autosomal dominant inheritance; family history of osteogenesis imperfecta | Dentin of all teeth (primary more affected than permanent) | Presents at birth/tooth eruption | 1 in 6,000 to 1 in 8,000 | Clinical appearance; radiographs (obliterated pulps, short roots); family history; genetic testing | Stainless steel crowns (primary); full-coverage crowns; overdentures; avoid extractions (fragile roots) | Genetic counselling; protective crowns early; gentle dental care | Tooth fracture; rapid wear; tooth loss; functional impairment | Manageable with early intervention; lifelong condition |
| 24 | 24 | Dental Fluorosis | Tooth Structural Disorders | Enamel defect caused by excessive fluoride ingestion during tooth development | White spots/streaks (mild); brown staining and pitting (moderate-severe); chalky, opaque enamel | Excessive systemic fluoride during enamel formation (birth to 8 years) | High-fluoride drinking water (>1.5 ppm); fluoride supplement misuse; swallowing fluoride toothpaste | Enamel (all teeth developing during exposure) | Children (visible after eruption) | Mild fluorosis in 20-30% of children in fluoridated communities; severe is rare | Clinical examination; Dean's Fluorosis Index; Thylstrup-Fejerskov Index; history of fluoride exposure | Mild: microabrasion, tooth whitening; Moderate-severe: veneers, composite bonding, crowns | Monitor fluoride intake in children; supervised toothbrushing; appropriate fluoride supplementation | Aesthetic concern; enamel fragility in severe cases | Excellent for mild; good with aesthetic restoration for moderate-severe |
| 25 | 25 | Tooth Erosion | Tooth Structural Disorders | Progressive, irreversible loss of tooth structure by chemical dissolution (non-bacterial acid) | Smooth, shiny concavities on enamel; cupping of cusps; thinning of enamel; increased sensitivity; transparency | Intrinsic acid (GORD, bulimia, chronic vomiting); extrinsic acid (citrus, carbonated drinks, vinegar) | Eating disorders; GORD; high acidic diet; swimming in chlorinated pools; occupational acid exposure | Enamel and dentin surfaces | All ages; increasing in adolescents | 30-50% of children and adolescents show evidence of erosion | Clinical examination; BEWE (Basic Erosive Wear Examination); dietary and medical history | Desensitising agents; fluoride; composite bonding; veneers; crowns; treat underlying cause | Limit acidic food/drink; use straw; rinse with water after acid; wait 30 min before brushing; treat GORD | Extensive tooth destruction; sensitivity; aesthetic damage; need for full-mouth rehabilitation | Progressive if cause not eliminated; stabilises with intervention |
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