Sample rows from Dental Diseases and Conditions. Field types are labelled in each column heading.
#	TextNo.	TextDisease / Condition	TextCategory	TextDescription	TextCommon Symptoms	TextPrimary Causes / Etiology	TextRisk Factors	TextAffected Structures	TextAge Group Most Affected	TextPrevalence	TextDiagnosis Methods	TextTreatment Options	TextPrevention	TextComplications if Untreated	TextPrognosis
01	1	Dental Caries (Tooth Decay)	Tooth Decay & Caries	Destruction of tooth enamel, dentin, and cementum by bacterial acids	Toothache; sensitivity to hot/cold/sweet; visible holes or pits; brown/black staining	Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus bacteria; acid demineralisation of enamel	High sugar diet; poor oral hygiene; dry mouth; lack of fluoride; frequent snacking	Enamel, dentin, cementum	All ages (most common in children and elderly)	Most prevalent chronic disease worldwide; affects ~2.3 billion people	Visual examination; dental probe; bitewing radiographs; DIAGNOdent laser	Fluoride treatment; dental fillings (amalgam, composite); crowns; root canal; extraction	Regular brushing with fluoride toothpaste; flossing; dental sealants; reduced sugar intake; regular check-ups	Pulpitis; periapical abscess; tooth loss; systemic infection	Excellent with early treatment
02	2	Early Childhood Caries (Baby Bottle Tooth Decay)	Tooth Decay & Caries	Severe decay in primary teeth of infants and toddlers, often from prolonged bottle feeding	White spot lesions on upper front teeth; brown/black discolouration; pain; difficulty eating	Prolonged exposure to sugary liquids (milk, juice, formula); bacterial transmission from caregiver	Night-time bottle feeding; sippy cup use; lack of fluoride; caregiver with active caries	Primary teeth, especially upper incisors	Infants and children under 6	Affects up to 28% of children aged 2-5 in developed countries	Visual examination; radiographs	Fluoride varnish; silver diamine fluoride; restorations; extraction under general anaesthesia if severe	Avoid putting child to bed with bottle; clean gums after feeding; first dental visit by age 1	Pain; infection; speech problems; malocclusion of permanent teeth	Good if treated early; may affect permanent tooth development
03	3	Root Caries	Tooth Decay & Caries	Decay on the root surface of teeth, typically where gingival recession has exposed the cementum	Sensitivity at gum line; dark discolouration on root; soft texture when probed	Bacterial plaque on exposed root surfaces; reduced saliva	Gingival recession; age; dry mouth (xerostomia); medications; radiation therapy	Cementum and root dentin	Elderly (over 60)	Affects 30-60% of older adults with gingival recession	Visual and tactile examination; radiographs	Glass ionomer restorations; fluoride varnish; silver diamine fluoride; root canal if deep	Fluoride rinses; saliva substitutes; meticulous oral hygiene of root surfaces	Tooth fracture; pulp involvement; tooth loss	Fair; high recurrence rate in elderly
04	4	Rampant Caries	Tooth Decay & Caries	Sudden, widespread, rapidly progressing decay affecting multiple teeth simultaneously	Multiple cavities appearing quickly; pain in several teeth; rapid breakdown of tooth structure	Severe xerostomia; methamphetamine use (meth mouth); radiation therapy; Sjögren's syndrome	Drug use; head/neck radiation; eating disorders; severe dry mouth	Multiple teeth, including surfaces normally resistant to decay	Any age (varies by cause)	Common in head/neck cancer patients (radiation caries) and methamphetamine users	Clinical examination; full-mouth radiographs; saliva flow testing	Aggressive fluoride therapy; custom fluoride trays; restorations; extractions; treat underlying cause	Address underlying cause; prescription fluoride; frequent dental visits; saliva stimulants	Rapid tooth loss; chronic infection; nutritional deficiency	Poor without addressing underlying cause
05	5	Secondary (Recurrent) Caries	Tooth Decay & Caries	New decay forming at the margins of existing dental restorations	Discolouration around filling edges; sensitivity; gap between filling and tooth	Bacterial microleakage at restoration margins; plaque accumulation around restorations	Poor restoration margins; poor oral hygiene; ageing restorations; high caries risk	Tooth-restoration interface	Adults and elderly	Accounts for 50-60% of all replacement restorations	Visual examination; explorer; radiographs; transillumination	Removal of old restoration and recurrent decay; new restoration; crown if extensive	Proper restoration technique; good oral hygiene; regular monitoring	Pulp involvement; tooth fracture; tooth loss	Good with timely replacement of restoration

Dental Diseases and Conditions

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