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Algeria
Africa
The largest country in Africa, Algeria is rich in oil and gas resources. It has a diverse landscape of Sahara Desert, mountains, and Mediterranean coast.
45,000,000
Population
2,381,741
Area (km²)
Algiers
Capital
25
Historical Events
Historical Timeline
Cities
25 Events
September 05, 2025 - Mali files a case against Algeria at the International Court of Justice over the destruction of a Malian military reconnaissance drone.
August 16, 2025 - At least 18 people die after a bus plunges off a bridge in El Harrach, east of Algiers.
August 05, 2025 - Four people are killed in a plane crash at an Algerian airport.
June 28, 2025 - French freelance journalist Christophe Gleizes is sentenced to seven years in prison on charges including terrorism and illegal entry, linked to his reporting on JS Kabylie.
June 22, 2025 - Three fans die and over 70 are injured when a security barrier collapses during celebrations at Stade du 5 Juillet in Algiers after MC Alger wins the league title.
June 10, 2025 - The European Union designates Algeria as a high-risk jurisdiction for money laundering and terrorism financing.
May 26, 2025 - Three former presidential candidates (Saïda Neghza, Belkacem Sahli, and Abdelhakim Hamadi) are convicted of corruption and sentenced to 10 years in prison.
May 11, 2025 - Algeria expels 15 more French diplomats, accusing them of breaching procedures during staff replacements.
April 14, 2025 - Algeria expels 12 French diplomats in retaliation for France's indictment of three Algerians in the 2024 abduction of dissident Amir Boukhors; France expels 12 Algerian diplomats the following day.
April 06, 2025 - Burkina Faso, Niger, and Mali withdraw their ambassadors from Algeria in protest over accusations related to a drone shoot-down near the Malian border; Algeria suspends all flights to and from Mali due to airspace violations.
February 11, 2025 - Teachers across Algeria stage a nationwide strike protesting low salaries and poor working conditions.
January 17, 2025 - A Spanish national is abducted in southern Algeria by a transnational criminal group; he is located in Mali and released by the Azawad Liberation Front on January 20.
October 31, 2024 - Journalist Ihsane El Kadi is released from prison following a presidential pardon granted to around 4,000 inmates on the 70th anniversary of the Algerian War of Independence.
October 11, 2024 - A Swiss tourist is killed in Algeria under unspecified circumstances.
September 26, 2024 - Algeria imposes visa requirements on Moroccan nationals, citing involvement in criminal activities including drug trafficking and espionage.
September 17, 2024 - President Tebboune is inaugurated for his second term.
September 09, 2024 - At least five people die in floods across the Algerian Sahara.
September 07, 2024 - Incumbent President Abdelmadjid Tebboune wins re-election with 94.6% of the vote in a presidential election criticized for limited opposition and repression of dissent.
June 08, 2024 - Riots erupt in Tiaret province over government-mandated water rationing due to droughts and depleted reservoirs.
December 23, 2023 - Mali recalls its envoy from Algeria amid accusations of interference in Sahel peace efforts, escalating regional tensions.
September 09, 2023 - Algeria resumes air flights to Morocco to support recovery efforts following a deadly earthquake in the neighboring country.
September 01, 2023 - Two French-Moroccan jet ski tourists are shot dead after entering Algerian waters near the border.
July 19, 2023 - A road accident kills at least 34 people and wounds 12 others.
February 08, 2023 - Political activist Amira Bouraoui escapes extradition to Algeria from Tunisia following intervention by France.
January 23, 2023 - An Algerian Air Force Mi-171 helicopter crashes during a military exercise, killing all three crew members.
Frequently Asked Questions About Algeria
100 Questions
Algeria is in North Africa, bordered by Tunisia, Libya, Niger, Mali, Mauritania, Western Sahara, Morocco, and the Mediterranean Sea.
The capital is Algiers, located on the Mediterranean coast.
About 46 million people as of 2025 estimates.
Arabic and Tamazight (Berber) are official languages; French is widely used in business and education.
Mediterranean along the coast, dry desert in the Sahara, and semi-arid in the high plateaus.
The Algerian dinar (DZD).
Half green and half white with a red crescent and star in the middle.
Algiers, Oran, Constantine, Annaba, and Blida.
On July 5, 1962, from France after an eight-year war of independence.
Ahmed Ben Bella.
Abdelmadjid Tebboune (as of 2025).
A presidential republic.
The Sahara Desert, covering more than 80% of the country.
Islam (Sunni, Maliki school).
Berber (Amazigh) culture is recognized in language, identity, and traditions.
The Algerian War of Independence (1954–1962) against France.
The National Liberation Front (FLN) led the struggle for independence.
The period from 1830–1962 when Algeria was colonized by France.
Oil and natural gas.
It is a major energy supplier, especially of natural gas to Europe.
Arabs and Berbers (Amazigh).
Around 82% overall, with higher rates among men.
Around $200 billion in 2025.
Around 12–15%, higher among youth.
Oil, gas, petroleum products, and fertilizers.
Machinery, foodstuffs, and consumer goods.
Energy, mining, agriculture, and manufacturing.
Oil, natural gas, iron ore, phosphates, uranium, and zinc.
It covers most of the country, influencing climate, tourism, and resources.
Chelif, Seybouse, and Soummam.
Mount Tahat in the Hoggar range (2,908 m).
The Mediterranean Sea.
Central European Time (CET), UTC +1.
Arabic and Tamazight are official; French is unofficial but widely spoken.
Couscous, made with semolina, vegetables, and meat.
Mint tea, often served sweet.
Raï music, originating in Oran.
Football (soccer) is the most popular sport.
Yes, in 1990 and 2019.
Yes, several times, with notable success in 1982, 1986, 2010, and 2014.
Independence Day (July 5), Revolution Day (November 1), Eid al-Fitr, and Eid al-Adha.
Men wear gandoura or burnous, women wear haik or kabyle dresses.
Arab, Berber, French, Ottoman, and Islamic traditions.
Around 76%, improving rapidly.
It shapes laws, traditions, and cultural practices.
University of Algiers, University of Oran, and University of Constantine.
Publicly funded, with improvements but still under strain.
Around 77 years.
About 2.7 children per woman.
Over 90%, higher than older generations.
Algiers Casbah, Tassili n’Ajjer, Ghardaïa, and the Sahara Desert.
A UNESCO World Heritage site with prehistoric cave paintings.
Couscous, chorba (soup), merguez (spicy sausage), and rechta (noodles).
It is an active member, contributing to regional stability.
It is a founding member of OPEC.
Lower than in urban areas, especially among women.
Its brutality and the use of guerrilla tactics.
A historic Islamic city and UNESCO World Heritage site.
Extensive, with links between major cities.
Houari Boumediene Airport in Algiers.
Yes, including Tassili n’Ajjer and Ahaggar.
Barbary macaques, fennec foxes, gazelles, and desert reptiles.
Olives, dates, cereals, and desert shrubs.
Pottery, carpets, jewelry, and leatherwork.
Increasingly active in education, politics, and the workforce.
Over 50% under 30 years old.
Dependence on oil and gas revenues.
Around 6–7% (2025 estimate).
Around 87%.
Free and compulsory until age 16.
Martyrs’ Memorial in Algiers and Ketchaoua Mosque.
Air Algérie.
Multi-day celebrations with music, food, and Islamic rituals.
Islam (Sunni).
The People’s National Assembly.
France, Italy, Spain, and China.
Much lower than among youth, especially women.
Algiers, Oran, Constantine, Annaba.
The East–West Highway, connecting major cities.
A founding member and influential during the Cold War.
Very low overall, with most people living near the coast.
The coastal cities and high plateaus.
Sparse, with nomadic groups such as the Tuareg.
A Berber-dominated mountainous region east of Algiers.
A UNESCO World Heritage site with unique Ibadi Islamic architecture.
Around 90%, much higher than older generations.
One of the strongest in Africa, heavily funded by oil revenues.
A leader in peace mediation and anti-colonial movements.
Over 70% of the population lives in cities.
About 70% of the population has internet access.
Very high, with millions of subscribers.
Around 2.7 children per woman.
Men: 75 years; Women: 78 years.
High in urban areas due to colonial legacy.
Dependent on diversifying beyond oil and gas.
Its size, energy reserves, and location near Europe.
Growing after it became official in 2016.
It is the 10th largest country in the world.
Balancing democracy, stability, and economic reform.
It is the largest country, a major energy producer, and an influential political actor.